What Americans pay at the pump is subject to a number of factors – the most important of which is the price of crude oil, which is determined by global supply and demand. As major markets around the world have banned Russian oil imports amid the ongoing war in Ukraine, the global energy market has tightened considerably, sending gas prices to record highs.
While shocks to the global energy market are largely out of the control of U.S. policymakers, other factors affecting gas prices are not, namely taxes. The federal government levies a tax of 18.4 cents on every gallon of gas sold to American motorists.
On top of the federal gas tax, as of January 2022, Minnesota levied an additional tax of 30.6 cents per gallon – the 24th lowest gas tax among states. Currently, the average price of a gallon of gas in Minnesota stands at $3.92. Including the federal tax, taxes account for 12.5% of the average price of a gallon of gas in the state.
Gas taxes are typically used to fund road and highway repair projects to fix damage caused by usage and wear. In Minnesota, vehicle miles traveled per year total about 15,042 per driver, the 13th most among states.
Not only are taxes adding to the pain Americans are feeling at the pump, but the revenue they generate has failed to keep up with infrastructure maintenance costs and inflation. While many states are adjusting tax rates to address the shortfall, the federal gas tax has not changed since 1993.
All data on gas taxes are current as of Jan. 1, 2022 and are from the American Petroleum Institute. Data on the average price of a gallon of regular gas are for March 23, 2022 and are from AAA. Annual vehicle miles traveled per driver was calculated using data from the Federal Highway Administration.
| Rank | State | State gas taxes and fees (cents per gal.) | Avg. gas price on May 23 ($ per gal. of regular) | State and fed. taxes as share of gas price (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | California | 68.2 | 5.88 | 14.7 |
| 2 | Illinois | 59.6 | 4.50 | 17.3 |
| 3 | Pennsylvania | 58.7 | 4.31 | 17.9 |
| 4 | Hawaii | 51.7 | 5.09 | 13.8 |
| 5 | New Jersey | 50.7 | 4.19 | 16.5 |
| 6 | Nevada | 50.5 | 5.16 | 13.4 |
| 7 | Indiana | 49.8 | 4.15 | 16.4 |
| 8 | Washington | 49.4 | 4.73 | 14.3 |
| 9 | New York | 48.2 | 4.36 | 15.3 |
| 10 | Michigan | 45.2 | 4.14 | 15.3 |
| 11 | Florida | 43.6 | 4.13 | 15.0 |
| 12 | Oregon | 38.8 | 4.71 | 12.1 |
| 13 | North Carolina | 38.8 | 4.07 | 14.1 |
| 14 | Ohio | 38.5 | 4.00 | 14.2 |
| 15 | Georgia | 37.6 | 4.03 | 13.9 |
| 16 | Maryland | 36.1 | 3.78 | 14.4 |
| 17 | Connecticut | 35.8 | 4.33 | 12.5 |
| 18 | West Virginia | 35.7 | 4.09 | 13.2 |
| 19 | Rhode Island | 35.0 | 4.22 | 12.6 |
| 20 | Virginia | 34.4 | 4.09 | 12.9 |
| 21 | Montana | 33.3 | 4.02 | 12.8 |
| 22 | Idaho | 33.0 | 4.37 | 11.8 |
| 23 | Wisconsin | 32.9 | 3.93 | 13.1 |
| 24 | Vermont | 32.1 | 4.20 | 12.0 |
| 25 | Utah | 31.9 | 4.41 | 11.4 |
| 26 | Alabama | 31.3 | 4.03 | 12.3 |
| 27 | Minnesota | 30.6 | 3.92 | 12.5 |
| 28 | Maine | 30.0 | 4.19 | 11.6 |
| 29 | South Dakota | 30.0 | 3.94 | 12.3 |
| 30 | Iowa | 30.0 | 3.87 | 12.5 |
| 31 | Tennessee | 27.4 | 4.03 | 11.4 |
| 32 | South Carolina | 26.8 | 3.95 | 11.4 |
| 33 | Massachusetts | 26.5 | 4.26 | 10.6 |
| 34 | Kentucky | 26.0 | 3.97 | 11.2 |
| 35 | Nebraska | 25.7 | 3.87 | 11.4 |
| 36 | Arkansas | 24.8 | 3.82 | 11.3 |
| 37 | Kansas | 24.0 | 3.77 | 11.3 |
| 38 | Wyoming | 24.0 | 4.05 | 10.5 |
| 39 | New Hampshire | 23.8 | 4.19 | 10.1 |
| 40 | North Dakota | 23.0 | 3.90 | 10.6 |
| 41 | Delaware | 23.0 | 4.01 | 10.3 |
| 42 | Colorado | 22.0 | 3.97 | 10.2 |
| 43 | Louisiana | 20.0 | 4.04 | 9.5 |
| 44 | Oklahoma | 20.0 | 3.79 | 10.1 |
| 45 | Texas | 20.0 | 3.90 | 9.9 |
| 46 | Missouri | 19.9 | 3.77 | 10.2 |
| 47 | Arizona | 19.0 | 4.63 | 8.1 |
| 48 | New Mexico | 18.9 | 4.14 | 9.0 |
| 49 | Mississippi | 18.8 | 3.93 | 9.5 |
| 50 | Alaska | 15.1 | 4.71 | 7.1 |
